Tarawih Top 🔟, Ramadan 2026🌙
Juz 11 (At-Tawbah Verse 93 Through Hud Verse 5)
Here are 10 fruits 🍐 from the language of Quran:
1.) The root (س - ب - ل) refers to the descent of something from a high place to a lower place, and also refers to the lengthening of something. The word السَّبْل refers to a generous outpouring of rain 🌧️. We also obtain the word سِبَال, which refers to long-hanging hair 🪮. We also obtain the word سُنْبُل (“ear/stalk of corn”) 🌽, so called because an ear of corn is vertically lengthened and tall. Also from this root, we obtain the word سَبِيل, which has a variety of meanings, one of which is a lengthened path. This word involves each in it, meaning that a سَبِيل is a path that is eased and facilitated, and this word, when used in the Quran, often refers to the Path of Truth (سبيل الحقّ). We see this word used in ayah 9:93 of Surah At-Tawbah: إِنَّمَا *ٱلسَّبِيلُ* عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يَسْتَـْٔذِنُونَكَ وَهُمْ أَغْنِيَآءُ ۚ رَضُوا۟ بِأَن يَكُونُوا۟ مَعَ ٱلْخَوَالِفِ وَطَبَعَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ (“*_The path_* [of blame] is only on those who seek exemption from you although they have the means. They preferred to stay behind with the helpless, and Allah has sealed their hearts so they do not realize ˹the consequences˺”). Here, the word السبيل takes on a different meaning, and that is of blame, that is to say the _way/path_ is of blame.
2.) The root (ع - ذ - ر) does not have one consistent meaning, but rather has a variety of meanings. One common meaning is that of making excuses. From this root, we obtain the verb عَذَرَ (“to make an excuse”), which we see in its Form VIII version (يَعْتَذِرُونَ) masculine plural (which also means “to make excuses”) in ayah 9:94 of Surah at-Tawbah: *يَعْتَذِرُونَ* إِلَيْكُمْ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ ۚ قُل *لَّا تَعْتَذِرُوا۟* لَن نُّؤْمِنَ لَكُمْ قَدْ نَبَّأَنَا ٱللَّهُ مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ ۚ وَسَيَرَى ٱللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُۥ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَـٰلِمِ ٱلْغَيْبِ وَٱلشَّهَـٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ (“*_They will make excuses_* to you ˹believers˺ when you return to them. Say, “*_Make no excuses_*, ˹for˺ we will not believe you. Allah has already informed us about your ˹true˺ state ˹of faith˺. Your ˹future˺ deeds will be observed by Allah and His Messenger as well. And you will be returned to the Knower of the seen and unseen, then He will inform you of what you used to do”).
3.) The root (ح - ل - ف) has one primary root meaning, which is that of adherence, meaning of the adherence of something to something else. From this root, we obtain the Form III verb حَالَفَ, which means to adhere oneself or “affix” oneself to someone or something else. Also from this root, we obtain the word حِلْف, which refers to an oath taken between people or parties. The verbal version of this is حَلَفَ - يَحْلِفُ, which we see in verse 9:95 of Surah At-Tawbah: *سَيَحْلِفُونَ* بِٱللَّهِ لَكُمْ إِذَا ٱنقَلَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ لِتُعْرِضُوا۟ عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَأَعْرِضُوا۟ عَنْهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌۭ ۖ وَمَأْوَىٰهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ (“When you return, *_they will swear_* to you by Allah so that you may leave them alone. So leave them alone—they are truly evil. Hell will be their home as a reward for what they have committed”).
4.) The word جَهَنَّم is common in the Quran and refers to “Hellfire” 🔥. Scholars opine that this word is not originally an Arabic word. This word also can linguistically refer to a bottomless pit, hence indicating the depth of Hell. We see this frequently in the Quran, such as in verse 9:95 of Surah At-Tawbah: سَيَحْلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ لَكُمْ إِذَا ٱنقَلَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ لِتُعْرِضُوا۟ عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَأَعْرِضُوا۟ عَنْهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌۭ ۖ وَمَأْوَىٰهُمْ *جَهَنَّمُ* جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ (“When you return, they will swear to you by Allah so that you may leave them alone. So leave them alone—they are truly evil. *_Hell_* will be their home as a reward for what they have committed”).
5.) The root (غ - ر - م) refers to the adherence of something to something else. From this root, we obtain the word غَرَام, which refers to painful punishment that is “attached” to disbelievers (Allah protect us all). Also from this root, we obtain the word مَغْرَم, which actually means “loss”. We see this word used in verse 9:98 of Surah At-Tawbah: وَمِنَ ٱلْأَعْرَابِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنفِقُ *مَغْرَمًا* وَيَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمُ ٱلدَّوَآئِرَ ۚ عَلَيْهِمْ دَآئِرَةُ ٱلسَّوْءِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌۭ (“And among the nomads are those who consider what they donate to be *_a loss_* and await your misfortune. May ill-fortune befall them! And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing”). Here, the word مَغْرَم refers to a loss because the hypocrites considered it a loss with no compensation after having spent it, and the Quran is correcting this erroneous idea. Indeed, those who spend in the way of Allah _are_ rewarded by God.
6.) The root (د - و - ر) refers to the encompassing of a thing from all sides. From this root, we obtain the verb دَار - يَدُورر, which refers to the orbiting or circling of something around something else. Its masdar (verbal noun) is دَوْر. Also from this root is the word الدَّوَّارِيُّ, which refers to time (دَهْر) itself, so called because time “circles” around every person at all times in all conditions. Also from this root, we obtain the word دَائِرَة (“circle”), so called because it is in a circular shape. We see this word used in its plural form in ayah 9:98 of Surah At-Tawbah: وَمِنَ ٱلْأَعْرَابِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنفِقُ مَغْرَمًا وَيَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمُ *ٱلدَّوَآئِرَ* ۚ عَلَيْهِمْ *دَآئِرَةُ* ٱلسَّوْءِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌۭ (“And among the nomads are those who consider what they donate to be a loss and await your misfortune. May ill-fortune befall them! And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing”). Here, the word دَوَائِر refers to the ill misfortune that the hypocrites wish to befall on the believers. Later in the same verse, the verse mentions that the دَائِرَةُ السَّوْءِ (“the circle of evil”), meaning those same misfortunes, will fall upon the hypocrites, not on the believers.
7.) The root (ه - ج - ر) has two root meanings: the first refers to a piece of a thing; and the second refers to the intensity of a thing and its linkage. From the first root, we obtain the word هَجْرٌ, referring to the cessation or cutting up of something (the opposite of continuation), and this verb is often used to describe person cutting himself off from another person. Also from this root, we obtain the Form III verb هَاجَرَ, which means “to migrate to a new land.” From this, we have the masdar/verbal noun of هِجْرَة (“migration”). We see this verb used in ayah 9:100 of Surah At-Tawbah in its doer pattern form: وَٱلسَّـٰبِقُونَ ٱلْأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ *ٱلْمُهَـٰجِرِينَ* وَٱلْأَنصَارِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّبَعُوهُم بِإِحْسَـٰنٍۢ رَّضِىَ ٱللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا۟ عَنْهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَنَّـٰتٍۢ تَجْرِى تَحْتَهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدًۭا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْعَظِيمُ (“As for the foremost—the first of *_the Emigrants_* and the Helper—and those who follow them in goodness, Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. And He has prepared for them Gardens under which rivers flow, to stay there forever and ever. That is the ultimate triumph”), referring to those who emigrated from Mecca to Madinah.
8.) The root (م - ر - د) refers to the stripping or removal of something, such as the de-peeling of fruit 🍐 by removal of its outer skin layer. From this root, we obtain the word أَمْرَدُ, which refers to a young boy whose beard has not grown in yet. Also from this root, we obtain the adjective مَارِد, which refers to a disobedient person. The Shaytan is described as مَارِد in terms of his defiance and stubbornness. Also from this root, we obtain the verb مَرَدَ, which means “to be persistent upon,” and which we see in verse 9:101 of Surah At-Tawbah: وَمِمَّنْ حَوْلَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَعْرَابِ مُنَـٰفِقُونَ ۖ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْمَدِينَةِ ۖ *مَرَدُوا۟* عَلَى ٱلنِّفَاقِ لَا تَعْلَمُهُمْ ۖ نَحْنُ نَعْلَمُهُمْ ۚ سَنُعَذِّبُهُم مَّرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ عَظِيمٍۢ (“Some of the nomads around you ˹believers˺ are hypocrites, as are some of the people of Medina. They have mastered [*_they persist upon_*] hypocrisy. They are not known to you ˹O Prophet ﷺ˺; they are known to Us. We will punish them twice ˹in this world˺, then they will be brought back ˹to their Lord˺ for a tremendous punishment”).
9.) The root (خ - ل - ط) refers to the mixing of things together. From this root, we obtain the verb خَلَطَ (“to mix together”). We also can use the word خَلِيط to describe a friend or partner, so called because a friend/partner “mixes” with us. We see this verb خَلَطَ used in its plural form in verse 9:102 of Surah At-Tawbah: وَءَاخَرُونَ ٱعْتَرَفُوا۟ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ *خَلَطُوا۟* عَمَلًۭا صَـٰلِحًۭا وَءَاخَرَ سَيِّئًا عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌ (“Some others have confessed their wrongdoing: *_they have mixed_* goodness with evil. It is right to hope that Allah will turn to them in mercy. Surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful”).
10.) The root (ط - ه - ر) refers to the concept of purity and lack of filth. The derived word طُهْر refers to purity itself. And the Form IV verb تَنَزَّهَ refers to the process of purifying oneself from impurities. The adjective that stems from this root is طَاهِر (“pure”), which is a common male name. The female name is طَاهِرَة. The word طَهُور can also be used to refer to water that is purifying in nature, such as how it occurs in verse 25:48 of Surah Al-Furqan: *وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ *مَآءً طَهُورًا (“and We send down *_pure rain_* from the sky”). We also derive the Form II verb طَهَّرَ (“to purify something”), which occurs in verse 9:103 of Surah At-Tawbah: خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَٰلِهِمْ صَدَقَةً *تُطَهِّرُهُمْ* وَتُزَكِّيهِم بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ إِنَّ صَلَوٰتَكَ سَكَنٌۭ لَّهُمْ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ (“Take from their wealth ˹O Prophet ﷺ˺ charity *_to purify_* and bless them, and pray for them—surely your prayer is a source of comfort for them. And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing”).