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Juz 7 (Surah Al Ma'idah and Surah Al-An’am).

Here are 10 fruits 🍐 from the language of Quran:

1.) The word مَوَدَّةٌ means “love 🌹,” and its root is (و - د - د), which means “to love.” This word is seen in various verses of the Quran, including: "وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقْرَبَهُم مَّوَدَّةًۭ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا نَصَـٰرَىٰ ۚ [“You will surely find the most gracious to be those who call themselves Christian” (5:82)]. The word مَوَدَّةٌ is a verbal noun (مَصْدَر) of the verbal version (وَدّ). A related word is one of the names of God: الوَدُودُ (“The Extremely Loving”), which is found in the verse: وَهُوَ ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلْوَدُودُ [“And He is the All-Forgiving, All-Loving” (85:14)]. There are many other words for love, including the commonly-known الحُبُّ.

2.) The word عَينٌ is frequently used in the Quran, and it can come with a variety of meanings, including “eye 👁,” “spring of water 🚣,” and “spy 🕵.” If the meaning is “eye,” then its plural is أَعْيُنٌ [such as what occurs in verse 5:83: وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا۟ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ تَرَىٰٓ أَعْيُنَهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ ٱلدَّمْعِ مِمَّا عَرَفُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلْحَقِّ ۖ (“When they listen to what has been revealed to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflowing with tears for recognizing the truth”)], and if its meaning is “spring of water,” then its plural is عُيُونٌ. The word عَينٌ is also used in grammar to indicate emphasis of something. Emphasis is a widely-used grammatical element 📚

3.) The word صَالِحٌ means “righteous,” and its plural is صَالِحُونَ (“righteous men”) and صَالِحَاتٌ (“righteous women”). Its root is (ص - ل - ح), which can have one of two meanings. The past tense (صَلَحَ) means “to be righteous”), but the past-tense (صَلُحَ) means “to be appropriate/suitable”. The Prophet صَالِحٌ also has this name, so his name linguistically means “righteous.” This word is also seen frequently in the Quran, such as here: ٱلْكُفَّارَ وَلَا يَنَالُونَ مِنْ عَدُوٍّۢ نَّيْلًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُم بِهِۦ عَمَلٌۭ صَـٰلِحٌ ۚ [“They do not inflict any loss on an enemy except that it is written to their credit as a good deed” (9:120)].

4.) The word أَصْحَابٌ means “companions,” and its singular is صَاحِب (“companion”). This word is frequently used to refer to the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ , but also can be used in other contexts, such as in verse 5:86, in which أَصْحَابٌ refers to the companions of the Hellfire 🔥(وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ وَكَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَآ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْجَحِيمِ) (“As for those who disbelieve and reject Our signs, they will be the residents of the Hellfire”. Interestingly, if you change one letter (ص to س) in the singular, it becomes سَحَابَةٌ, which means “cloud.” ☁

5.) The word إِطَعامُ means “feeding 🍴,” and its root is (ط - ع - م), which revolves around the action of eating. The verb (طَعَمَ) means “to eat 🍽,” and the word طَعامٌ means “food 🥐.” The word طَعْمٌ means “taste 🧂.” The Quran frequently encourages believers to feed the poor and cites its immense reward, such as in this verse: فَكَفَّـٰرَتُهُۥٓ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَـٰكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ [“The penalty for a broken oath is to feed ten poor people from what you normally feed your own family” (5:89)].

6.) The word صِيَامٌ means “fasting,” and also is synonymous with the word صَومٌ (in fact, both are مصدر (gerunds) of the verb صَام - يَصُوم). The root (ص - و - م) actually means “to hold back, refrain from” and its relation to fasting is that a fasting person (صَائِمٌ) refrains him/herself from food and drink, and more importantly, from immoral actions. The Quran enjoins fasting during the month of Ramadan upon all Muslims who are able, and can also be used as a form of recompense for specific rulings, as is shown here in verse 5:89: فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـٰثَةِ أَيَّامٍۢ [“But if he does not find (i.e., none of this is affordable), then you must fast three days”].

7.) The word شَيْطَانٌ refers to Satan/Devil. He is called this because the root meaning of (ش - ط - ن) is distancing/diverting something, and the Shaytan is called as such because of his distancing himself from the Truth due to his rebellion and disobedience. The word "Shaytan" is seen frequently in the Quran, such as in this verse: يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّمَا ٱلْخَمْرُ وَٱلْمَيْسِرُ وَٱلْأَنصَابُ وَٱلْأَزْلَـٰمُ رِجْسٌۭ مِّنْ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ فَٱجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ ["O believers! Intoxicants, gambling, idols, and drawing lots for decisions1 are all evil of Satan’s handiwork. So shun them so you may be successful" (5:90].

8.) The word عَزِيزٌ is used to describe God as “All-Mighty,” and this word has an all-encompassing quality to it, such that God’s Might Encompasses everything, and nothing can overcome Him. This Attribute of God is seen in the verse: مِنْهُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌۭ ["And Allah is Almighty..." (5:95)]. The root is (ع - ز - ز), which means “to be honored, mighty.” This word is often also used in the Arab world when addressing others as عَزِيزِي (“my honored friend”) out of respect and veneration 🫡.

9.) The word البَلَاغُ in ayah 5:99 refers to “delivery” (of the message of Islam), as seen in verse: مَّا عَلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ إِلَّا ٱلْبَلَـٰغُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تُبْدُونَ وَمَا تَكْتُمُونَ [The Messenger’s duty is only to deliver ˹the message˺. And Allah ˹fully˺ knows what you reveal and what you conceal" (5:99)]. Its root is (ب - ل - غ), which means to reach or to attain 📨. From this root, we derive the word بَالِغٌ, which refers to a boy who has reached puberty and is therefore held accountable for his actions 👩‍⚖. The science of بَلَاغَة (Arabic rhetoric) is called as such because it is how believers can reach/attain the finer aspects of Quranic Arabic through the study of rhetoric.

10.) The root (ف - ل - ح) has two meanings: to split open, and to be successful. From this, we have the verb أَفْلَحَ (“to succeed”), which comes in ayah 5:100 as such: فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ يَـٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَـٰبِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ ["So be mindful of Allah, O people of reason, so you may be successful" (5:100)].. We also see this root in the adhan and iqamah (call to prayer), in which the caller recites حَيَّ عَلى الفَلَاحِ (“come to success!”), and as such, the word الفَلَاح means “success 🏅” Interestingly, if one puts a shaddah on the laam, it becomes الفَلَّاحُ, which means “farmer 👩‍🌾” This latter word comes from the first root meaning, which is to split open,” as a farmer splits open the soil in order to till it and cultivate it with seeds 🌱.